this is externally-contracted wind-cold-dampness battling the body’s deficient normal qi (zheng qi), which is unable to expel the pathogenic influences. this produces a high fever, severe chills with shivering, an absence of sweating, and pain and stiffness of the head and neck.

lingering dampness causes focal distention and fullness in the chest. the deficiency of qi allows dampness to penetrate rather quickly, producing a greasy, white tongue coating. (if the qi were strong, the tongue coating would remain thin and white.)

the attack of wind-cold on the lungs disrupts the circulation of qi, causing nasal congestion, sonorous breathing, and a productive cough.

the presence of wind, cold, and dampness at the level of the muscles produces generalized soreness and pain and a floating pulse. the floating, soggy quality of the pulse reflects the deficiency of qi which is the predominant aspect of this disorder.